Table of content:

Acknowledgements & Authors

Summary

List of abbreviations

Introduction

1. Ecological Network of Moldova

1.1. Components of Eco-Network

1.2. Geographical Aspects of NENM

1.3. Levels of Components of the Eco-Network

1.4. Eco-Network as Informational System

2. System of Criteria for Estimate of Value of Components of Ecological Network

2.1. Criteria for Attribution of Particular Status to Core Areas with Natural and Semi-Natural Ecosystem Cover

2.2. Criteria for Ranking Areas of the Eco-Network which are Not Core Areas

2.3. Principles for Designating Areas Intended for Ecological Restoration and for Establishing Biological Corridors in Conditions of Excessive Economic Land Use

2.4. Use of Lands for Establishing Biological Corridors and Restoration, which Not Meet Criteria of Areas Intended for Ecological Restoration

3. Operational Checklists

3.1. Operational Checklist of Vascular Plants

3.2. Operational Checklist List of Endemic Vegetation Associations

3.3. Operational List of Insects

3.4. Operational List of Terrestrial Vertebrates

4. Objects of Eco-Network

5. Main Actions Concerning National Eco-Network of Moldova

6. Estimation of Potential and Some Recommendations for Establishing National Ecological Network of Moldova

6.1. Main Conditions for Establishing NENM

6.1.1. Elaborating the Concept of Eco-Network in Moldova

6.1.2. Ecological and Socio-Economical Conditions of Forming Eco-Network

6.1.3. Analysis of Legal Framework for Establishing National Eco-Network

6.2. Comment on Results of Area Estimations, Based on Main Components of Ecological Network of Moldova (by Biological Indicators)

6.2.1. Estimation of Core Areas

6.2.2. Designated Components of Eco-Network in the Structure of the Country’s Area

6.3. Recommendations

6.3.1. Concerning the Development of a System of Management for Natural Protected Areas

6.3.2. Priorities of scientific estimation of core areas

6.3.3. Law on Modification and Completion of some Legislative Acts (Draft)

Conclusion

References

Map of the Ecological Network

2.4. Use of Lands for Establishing Biological Corridors and Restoration, Which Do Not Meet Criteria of Areas Intended for Ecological Restoration

In extreme cases, to ensure the unity of corridors of high value, sectors of cultivated lands can be ignored.

State-owned lands and economic activities are excluded according to the principles of the Central Body for Environment Protection (CBEP), which obliges them to be used in accordance with CBEP's recommended activities acceptable for a corridor (i.e., forestation, grass planting or a combination of the two, some types of plantation not exposed to intensive cultivation).

Complete withdrawal of an area from economical use is achieved through buying-out or offering other compensation to a private owner (including listing as protective forest belt).

An area can remain in private ownership of current or new landowner in the case of obligatory changes of economic activities acceptable in a corridor, as recommended by CBEP.

Buying out an area using budget money or a specialized extra-budgetary fund, as well as other financial resources is another option. In the latter case, a new landowner could be CBEP or a public organization, or any other juridical or physical person, who is obliged to ensure land use recommended for the corridor in accordance with the Land Code.

To establish a restoration area, cultivated lands can be used if:

1. the owner agrees, who wishes to change land use in accordance with the recommendations of CBEP, or
2. s/he agrees to surrender the land against a sum of money.

Buy-out can be factored into the budget or subjected to a specialized extra-budgetary fund or other financial resources. In the later case, a new landowner can be CBEP or a public organization, or any other juridical or physical person obliged to respect management guidelines for restoration areas stipulated in the Civil Code agreement with CBEP.

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