Table of content:

Acknowledgements & Authors

Summary

List of abbreviations

Introduction

1. Ecological Network of Moldova

1.1. Components of Eco-Network

1.2. Geographical Aspects of NENM

1.3. Levels of Components of the Eco-Network

1.4. Eco-Network as Informational System

2. System of Criteria for Estimate of Value of Components of Ecological Network

2.1. Criteria for Attribution of Particular Status to Core Areas with Natural and Semi-Natural Ecosystem Cover

2.2. Criteria for Ranking Areas of the Eco-Network which are Not Core Areas

2.3. Principles for Designating Areas Intended for Ecological Restoration and for Establishing Biological Corridors in Conditions of Excessive Economic Land Use

2.4. Use of Lands for Establishing Biological Corridors and Restoration, which Not Meet Criteria of Areas Intended for Ecological Restoration

3. Operational Checklists

3.1. Operational Checklist of Vascular Plants

3.2. Operational Checklist List of Endemic Vegetation Associations

3.3. Operational List of Insects

3.4. Operational List of Terrestrial Vertebrates

4. Objects of Eco-Network

5. Main Actions Concerning National Eco-Network of Moldova

6. Estimation of Potential and Some Recommendations for Establishing National Ecological Network of Moldova

6.1. Main Conditions for Establishing NENM

6.1.1. Elaborating the Concept of Eco-Network in Moldova

6.1.2. Ecological and Socio-Economical Conditions of Forming Eco-Network

6.1.3. Analysis of Legal Framework for Establishing National Eco-Network

6.2. Comment on Results of Area Estimations, Based on Main Components of Ecological Network of Moldova (by Biological Indicators)

6.2.1. Estimation of Core Areas

6.2.2. Designated Components of Eco-Network in the Structure of the Country’s Area

6.3. Recommendations

6.3.1. Concerning the Development of a System of Management for Natural Protected Areas

6.3.2. Priorities of scientific estimation of core areas

6.3.3. Law on Modification and Completion of some Legislative Acts (Draft)

Conclusion

References

Map of the Ecological Network

1. Ecological network of Moldova

Preamble.

The national ecological network is based on the following objectives and goals:

1. maintaining biological and landscape diversity, as well as monuments of natural and cultural history, archaeology and others, inherently belonging to landscapes;
2. maintaining geo-systemic balance to ensure the general stability of national ecosystems against a background of dynamical processes affecting the stability of local ecosystems;
3. combating desertification through conservation of biological and landscape diversity, including the creation of analogical habitats (re-forestation, restoration of grass cover, top- soiling, land reclamation etc.);
4. transition to sustainable use of renewable natural resources, including biological, soil, aquatic, etc.;
5. safeguarding ecological security of the country.

Definition.

The definition of National Ecological Network is based on its generally accepted definition, bearing in mind the considerations listed in the preamble.

The Ecological Network of Moldova presents a totality of natural habitats that are inter-connected physically (territorially) and functionally through populations of species and ecosystems, natural and historic landscapes, natural and cultural monuments, which inherently belong to landscapes. These include artificial landscapes and elements of special value for biodiversity protection, maintaining geo-systemic balance and for research and aesthetics. The Ecological Network presents an informational, co-coordinative, and legal mechanism to safeguard its physical components, the sovereignty of Moldova and State responsibilities in relation to national and international components of biological diversity.

Functions of Eco-Network.

The Eco-Network of Moldova should fulfil the following functions:

1. maintaining ecosystems, habitats, species and landscapes in the national, regional and global contexts;

2. maintaining and restoring integrity of and connections between core areas;

3. protection and enhancement of natural key resources within ecological systems – air, water, and soil;

4. improving the stability of agricultural ecosystems and the potential for their restoration through agro-ecological effects of Eco-Network components and better conservation of biological factors;

5. stabilizing effects on climate;

6. maintaining and improving recreational properties of national ecosystems;

7. stimulation of tourism and ecological tourism;

8. involvement of the local population in nature protection;

9. development of a system of biological monitoring on the basis of the Eco-Network; resolving informational, scientific, methodological and practical problems of nature conservation.
   

Scope of Eco-Network.

The Ecological Network of Moldova presents an inseparable part of the Pan-European Ecological Network to be implemented at the levels of:

1. a national ecological network,
2. bio-zonal classification of the country, and
3. local networks,

which altogether constitute functional unity and territorial integrity.

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